PENGEMBANGAN DESTINASI WISATA BERBASIS KONSERVASI
Keywords:
Pariwisata Berkelanjutan (Sustainable Tourism), Konservasi, Overtourism, Ekowisata (Ecotourism), Community Based Tourism (CBT), Pembangunan Wilayah, Degradasi Lingkungan, Kebijakan PariwisataSynopsis
Pertumbuhan pariwisata global menyimpan paradoks yang sulit diabaikan. Di satu sisi, sektor ini menjadi motor penggerak ekonomi yang menciptakan lapangan kerja dan mendorong pembangunan wilayah. Di sisi lain, lonjakan kunjungan yang tidak dikelola dengan baik justru memicu degradasi lingkungan, erosi nilai budaya, dan tekanan sosial yang mengancam keberlanjutan destinasi itu sendiri. Fenomena overtourism yang melanda berbagai kawasan populer Indonesia dari Bali, Raja Ampat, hingga Taman Nasional Komodo menjadi bukti nyata bahwa pertumbuhan jumlah wisatawan tidak selalu berbanding lurus dengan kelestarian dan kesejahteraan.
Berangkat dari realitas itulah buku ini disusun, dengan satu keyakinan mendasar bahwa konservasi bukan hambatan bagi pembangunan pariwisata, melainkan prasyarat keberlangsungannya. Kerangka konseptual dibangun melalui telaah mendalam atas prinsip-prinsip konservasi, klasifikasi kawasan lindung menurut IUCN, serta konsep ekowisata yang menempatkan tanggung jawab ekologis dan pemberdayaan komunitas sebagai inti dari setiap aktivitas wisata.
Buku ini kemudian bergerak menuju tantangan nyata di lapangan: alih fungsi lahan, perubahan iklim, konflik kepentingan antarpemangku kepentingan, hingga ketimpangan distribusi manfaat ekonomi. Terhadap serangkaian tantangan itu, ditawarkan strategi yang konkret dan terukur, mulai dari penerapan Community Based Tourism, skema pembiayaan hijau, revitalisasi budaya lokal, hingga pemanfaatan teknologi digital untuk menekan risiko overtourism.
Dengan pendekatan lintas disiplin yang memadukan teori, analisis kebijakan, dan studi kasus empiris, buku ini hadir sebagai rujukan bagi mahasiswa, peneliti, praktisi, maupun pengambil kebijakan yang ingin mewujudkan pariwisata yang tidak sekadar menguntungkan secara ekonomi, tetapi juga bertanggung jawab secara ekologis dan berkeadilan sosial.
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References
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